{"id":3968,"date":"2025-08-25T21:40:51","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T21:40:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/?page_id=3968"},"modified":"2026-02-23T22:20:36","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T22:20:36","slug":"the-400","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/the-400\/","title":{"rendered":"The 400"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3968\" class=\"elementor elementor-3968\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7dceb92 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7dceb92\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2cda6ad\" data-id=\"2cda6ad\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64fd4a7 elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"64fd4a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96d7d1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96d7d1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The 400<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f2fdc8 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-absolute elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3f2fdc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;absolute&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">\u25b2View gallery<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8c9ebb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e8c9ebb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/DSF1806-raswp1g38lae58ea8gu3k2kryjj6dvw7wkpy6ovg3k.webp\" title=\"Resevoir Road\/#400, 2024\" alt=\"Resevoir Road\/#400, 2024\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1ae9555 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1ae9555\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-42fc3f6\" data-id=\"42fc3f6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4f2044 elementor-widget__width-inherit gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"b4f2044\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-3968 gallery-columns-10 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b4f2044\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Avro Arrow Drive\/#400, 2025\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mzk5MCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3JvYmVydGJ1cmxleS5jb21cL19yYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL0RTRjIwMDItRWRpdC53ZWJwIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYjRmMjA0NCJ9\" href='https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF2002-Edit.webp'><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF2002-Edit-230x230.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3990\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3990'>\n\t\t\t\tAvro Arrow Drive\/#400, 2025\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b4f2044\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"North Road\/#400. 2025\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mzg1MywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3JvYmVydGJ1cmxleS5jb21cL19yYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDZcLzAxMF9IaWdod2F5LTQwMC0yLXNjYWxlZC53ZWJwIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYjRmMjA0NCJ9\" href='https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/010_Highway-400-2-scaled.webp'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/010_Highway-400-2-230x230.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3853\" srcset=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/010_Highway-400-2-230x230.webp 230w, https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/010_Highway-400-2-600x600.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3853'>\n\t\t\t\tNorth Road\/#400. 2025\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b4f2044\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Lake Joseph Road\/#400, 2025\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mzk4MywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3JvYmVydGJ1cmxleS5jb21cL19yYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL0RTRjE5Nzgud2VicCIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImI0ZjIwNDQifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF1978.webp'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF1978-230x230.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3983\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3983'>\n\t\t\t\tLake Joseph Road\/#400, 2025\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b4f2044\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Quarry Road\/#400, 2025\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mzk3NywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3JvYmVydGJ1cmxleS5jb21cL19yYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL0RTRjAxMjMud2VicCIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImI0ZjIwNDQifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF0123.webp'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF0123-230x230.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3977\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3977'>\n\t\t\t\tQuarry Road\/#400, 2025\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b4f2044\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Resevoir Road\/#400, 2024\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mzk5NiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3JvYmVydGJ1cmxleS5jb21cL19yYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL0RTRjE4MDYud2VicCIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImI0ZjIwNDQifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF1806.webp'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF1806-230x230.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3996\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3996'>\n\t\t\t\tResevoir Road\/#400, 2024\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b4f2044\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Moonstone Road\/#400, 2025\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mzk4MiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3JvYmVydGJ1cmxleS5jb21cL19yYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL0RTRjE4MzEud2VicCIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImI0ZjIwNDQifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF1831.webp'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF1831-230x230.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3982\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3982'>\n\t\t\t\tMoonstone Road\/#400, 2025\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b4f2044\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Horseshore Valley Road\/#400, 2025\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mzk3OCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3JvYmVydGJ1cmxleS5jb21cL19yYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL0RTRjAxMzYud2VicCIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImI0ZjIwNDQifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF0136.webp'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF0136-230x230.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3978\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3978'>\n\t\t\t\tHorseshore Valley Road\/#400, 2025\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b4f2044\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"#400\/#407, 2024\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mzk3OSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3JvYmVydGJ1cmxleS5jb21cL19yYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL0RTRjExODUud2VicCIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImI0ZjIwNDQifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF1185.webp'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF1185-230x230.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3979\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3979'>\n\t\t\t\t#400\/#407, 2024\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b4f2044\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Maple Leaf Drive\/#400, 2024\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mzk5NywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3JvYmVydGJ1cmxleS5jb21cL19yYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL0RTRjEyNjIud2VicCIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImI0ZjIwNDQifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF1262.webp'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF1262-230x230.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3997\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3997'>\n\t\t\t\tMaple Leaf Drive\/#400, 2024\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b4f2044\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Hwy.#7\/400, 2024\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mzk4NCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3JvYmVydGJ1cmxleS5jb21cL19yYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL0RTRjk4MjEud2VicCIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImI0ZjIwNDQifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF9821.webp'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/robertburley.com\/_rb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/DSF9821-230x230.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3984\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3984'>\n\t\t\t\tHwy.#7\/400, 2024\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5d8da0 elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f5d8da0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43aa988 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43aa988\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"125\" data-end=\"610\">More than 30,000 square miles of North America\u2014an area the size of Ireland\u2014have been paved with asphalt and concrete. Among these expanses is Highway 400, constructed in the late 1940s along an ancient trading route that once linked northern Ontario with the south-central region. Today, it serves as the main artery between Toronto\u2019s urban core and the wilderness of the Great Lakes. Every Friday afternoon, streams of cars surge northward in a collective exodus to cottage country.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"612\" data-end=\"1024\">As a cultural landscape, the highway is both sublime and banal: it conveys the vastness of a frontier while embodying the logic of standardization, efficiency, and mass mobility. Cultural geographers describe such sites as \u201cnon-places\u201d\u2014spaces defined less by identity than by transience, circulation, and flow. In this sense, Highway 400 becomes a liminal zone where nature, technology, and ideology intersect.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1026\" data-end=\"1359\">I photographed the highway from above, standing on overpasses to create a perspective of detached observation. The visual language draws on formalism and minimalism, producing an anti-pastoral vista that occupies a paradox within the landscape tradition: it is at once a conduit through space and a landscape form in its own right.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>&#8211; &nbsp;Robert Burley, 2025<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The 400 \u25b2View gallery Avro Arrow Drive\/#400, 2025 North Road\/#400. 2025 Lake Joseph Road\/#400, 2025 Quarry Road\/#400, 2025 Resevoir Road\/#400, 2024 Moonstone Road\/#400, 2025 Horseshore Valley Road\/#400, 2025 #400\/#407, 2024 Maple Leaf Drive\/#400, 2024 Hwy.#7\/400, 2024 More than 30,000 square miles of North America\u2014an area the size of Ireland\u2014have been paved with asphalt and concrete. 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